The braking performance of trains directly affects the safety, stability, and stability of vehicle operation. This article studies the impact of installing a linear track eddy current braking system on the braking dynamics characteristics of high-speed trains with different power distribution methods. Firstly, a train dynamics simulation model was established for two grouping modes, 6M2T and 4M4T, and its effectiveness was verified by comparing it with experimental data on the line. Based on this model, the dynamic characteristics of trains at different speeds under different power distribution forms were studied. The Sperling index, derailment coefficient, wheel load reduction rate, and wheel rail interaction force of the the 1st, 5th, and 8th carriages were studied for the combined braking conditions of coasting, electro-pneumatic braking, and linear track eddy current braking system. The research results showed that the dynamic force distribution method and braking system have a significant impact on the dynamic performance parameters of the vehicle, The key dynamic performance indicators involved all meet the safety limit standards, and the research results provide theoretical reference for installing a linear track eddy current braking system on highspeed trains.