Based on the white noise random vibration experiment of an 8story steel shear building model, the structural undamaged and 8 damaged cases were analyzed from the structural acceleration responses′ mean, skewness, kurtosis, probability density function(PDF) and cumulative distribution function(CDF) respectively. The results demonstrated that the difference of skewness and kurtosis is not obvious to structural damage, but the acceleration probability density function could be used for preliminary damage identification to determine whether the damage has happened or not, and the statistical characteristics of variance could locate the damages.