While the speed of high-speed train is accelerating, the problem of noise pollution caused by high-speed train is becoming more prominent. In this study, based on the low-frequency noise pollution environment of high-speed trains, a composite sound absorption structure is designed based on the perforated structure theory and porous materials to control the low-frequency noise in a limited space, and the effective sound absorption is realized in the frequency range of about 221~2000 Hz. Based on statistical energy method, indoor noise generated by aerodynamic noise excitation of a high-speed train is simulated and predicted. The results show that laying composite sound absorption structure for a train is an effective noise reduction measure, which can reduce the noise value of high-speed train to a certain extent and improve the comfort of the train.