The problem of bending wave band gap widening of cylindrical shell elastic wave Metamaterial restricts it to meet the requirements of wide frequency vibration isolation in practical engineering. Aiming at this problem, this paper first studies the characteristics of bending wave band gap of cylindrical shell elastic wave Metamaterial based on local resonance mechanism, studies the relationship between local resonator mass and spring stiffness coefficient, and then applies the combination of periodic hierarchical arrangement to the band gap widening of cylindrical shell elastic wave Metamaterial, The finite element method is used to calculate the Electronic band structure and vibration transmission characteristics. The research results show that this method can achieve widening of the bending wave bandgap; The elastic wave Metamaterial of axially periodic graded cylindrical shells constructed by the combination method can achieve efficient attenuation of bending waves in the frequency range of 705-1226Hz, and the band gap is widened to 2.55 times of that of a single resonator, which shows that the method has obvious advantages in broadband vibration reduction and has broad application prospects.