Based on the fuzzy control theory, the sliding mode control theory and the adaptive control theory, a mixed projective synchronization problem for a class of uncertain fractional chaotic systems with external perturbations is investigated. An adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control is proposed for the projective synchronization method of fractional order chaotic systems. The fuzzy logic system is used to approximate the unknown nonlinear function and external perturbation, the adaptive control is adopted for the approximation error, and a fractional integral sliding mode with strong robustness is constructed. Moreover, adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller and parameter adaptive law are designed based on the fractional order Barbalat lemma. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by the numerical simulation results.