经典力学的一个新基本原理及其几个重要应用
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A new fundamental principle of classical mehanics with some important applications
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    摘要:

    新基本原理定名为零原理,建立在三个基石上:1)隐显模型;2)显示力假设;3)μ- 证明.用逻辑推理证明了显示力的定量模式F =m r,从而也证明了零原理.它的结论被表达成三个等效的“零力系”.零原理作出了几个重要贡献:1)消除了牛顿第二定律的“实验性”局限,将它提高到基本原理的层次.2)使达朗伯原理摆脱了对牛顿第二定律的依赖,从而也成为独立的基本原理.3)它的改造形式成为“最小自由量原理”,而将高斯原理作为特殊情况包含其中.在此新证明中阐明了高斯原理原始证明中出现所谓Z-佯谬的原因,并给出了消除Z-佯谬的条件.4)零原理的另一个应用是直接证明了新意义下的哈密顿原理,即真正的最小作用量S原理.从而摆脱了雅可比准则的困扰.5)零原理被推广到冲击情况,得到三个等效的“零冲击系”.简明地定义了冲击情况的“自由量动能函数Z”,并导出了相应的最小自由量动能原理.

    Abstract:

    To perfect the axiom system of classical mechanics, a new fundamental principle,named Zero-principle, is established on the basis of three foundation-stones: 1) the concealing-displaying model, 2) the mode-assumption of displaying force,3)the μ-proof. The conclusion of the principle is summarized into three equivalent ‘zero-force systems’. The new principle makes a series of important contributions: 1)Raise Newton’s 2nd law into a theoretical principle, so that it is no longer fully experiment-based. 2) Make D’Alembert’s principle become a principle independent of Newton’s 2nd law.3)Establish a reformed principle,named principle of minimum freedom, including Gauss’ priniciple of least constraint as a particular case. As a consequence,the so-called Z-paradox in Gauss’ principle is solved. 4)Provide a brief natural proof of new Hamilton’s principle of ‘least action’. 5) After generalizing,, the Zero- principle is applied to the impulsive condition.

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吕茂烈.经典力学的一个新基本原理及其几个重要应用[J].动力学与控制学报,2012,10(2):107~116; Lv Maolie. A new fundamental principle of classical mehanics with some important applications[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control,2012,10(2):107-116.

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  • 收稿日期:2012-05-18
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  • 在线发布日期: 2012-06-01
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